What Are the Signs of Hydromorphone Addiction?

Hydromorphone, marketed under the brand name Dilaudid, is a powerful semi-synthetic opioid analgesic prescribed for severe pain relief. As a member of the opioid drug class, hydromorphone interacts with opioid receptors in the brain, influencing the body’s perception of pain and producing a sense of euphoria and relaxation. While hydromorphone can be useful for pain management when taken as directed, it also carries a high risk of abuse and addiction due to its potent effects.

Signs of Hydromorphone Abuse

Those who misuse hydromorphone may do so to experience the drug’s euphoric, sedative, or pain-relieving effects. Misuse can involve taking a hydromorphone prescription that is not one’s own, using higher doses than prescribed, or administering the drug through alternative routes like snorting or injecting to intensify the effects. Some common signs that may indicate hydromorphone abuse include

Taking the medication in larger quantities or for longer periods than intended

Persistent, unsuccessful attempts to reduce or stop hydromorphone use

Spending significant time acquiring, using, or recovering from the effects of the drug

Experiencing strong cravings for hydromorphone

Failing to fulfill major obligations at work, school, or home due to hydromorphone use

Continuing to use the drug despite it causing or worsening interpersonal problems

Giving up important social, occupational, or recreational activities in favor of hydromorphone use

Using hydromorphone in physically dangerous situations, such as while driving

Persisting use despite it exacerbating a physical or mental health condition

Physiological Signs of Hydromorphone Addiction

As an opioid, hydromorphone use can lead to the development of physiological dependence, where the body becomes accustomed to the drug’s presence and experiences withdrawal symptoms when use is abruptly stopped or significantly reduced. Some physical signs that may indicate hydromorphone addiction include

Constricted (pinpoint) pupils

Drowsiness and sedation

Slowed or shallow breathing

Flushed skin or sweating

Nausea, vomiting, or constipation

Itchiness

Tolerance, requiring higher or more frequent doses to achieve the desired effects

Cognitive and Psychological Symptoms

In addition to the physical manifestations of hydromorphone addiction, individuals struggling with this substance use disorder (SUD) may also exhibit cognitive and psychological symptoms, such as

Impaired judgment and decision-making

Poor attention and concentration

Memory problems

Euphoria or dysphoria (general dissatisfaction with life)

Anxiety, depression, or mood swings

Cravings and obsessive thoughts about obtaining and using the drug

What Are the Dangers of Hydromorphone Abuse?

Continued hydromorphone abuse can lead to a range of severe and potentially life-threatening consequences, including

Respiratory depression, which can result in coma or death

Cardiovascular issues like stroke or heart attack

Gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation

Seizures or convulsions

Collapsed veins and skin/soft tissue infections from injecting the drug

Increased risk of contracting infectious diseases like HIV or hepatitis C

Overdose, which can be fatal

Hydromorphone abuse can also have far-reaching impacts on an individual’s personal, professional, and social life, leading to financial troubles, relationship strain, legal issues, and the abandonment of previously enjoyed activities.

Is Hydromorphone Overdose Possible?

Yes. Overdose is a serious and life-threatening consequence of hydromorphone abuse, particularly when the drug is used in conjunction with other substances. Symptoms of a hydromorphone overdose may include:

Shallow, slowed, or stopped breathing

Profound sedation or loss of consciousness

Vomiting or gurgling noises

Limp body

Cold, clammy, or pale skin

Pinpoint pupils

Hydromorphone overdose is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. If you suspect someone is experiencing an opioid overdose, call 911 immediately, administer naloxone (if available), and try to keep the person awake and breathing until emergency responders arrive.

What Is the Treatment for Hydromorphone Addiction?

Effective treatment for hydromorphone addiction typically involves a combination of medical and behavioral interventions. The first step often involves medically supervised detoxification to manage the uncomfortable and potentially dangerous withdrawal symptoms. This may include the use of medications like buprenorphine or methadone to ease the transition and reduce cravings. Following detox, comprehensive addiction treatment may involve:

Behavioral therapies, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), to address the underlying psychological and behavioral aspects of the addiction.
Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with opioid agonists or antagonists to support long-term recovery and prevent relapse.
Holistic approaches, including counseling, support groups, and lifestyle modifications, to address the broader impact of addiction on an individual’s physical, mental, and social wellbeing.

Addiction is a treatable condition, and with the right combination of medical, psychological, and social support, individuals struggling with hydromorphone addiction can achieve long-term recovery and reclaim their lives.

How to Seek Help for Hydromorphone Addiction

If you or someone you care about is struggling with hydromorphone addiction, it’s important to seek professional help. Addiction treatment providers can work with you to develop a personalized plan that addresses your unique needs and supports your path to recovery. With the right support, it is possible to overcome hydromorphone addiction and regain control of your life.